Taylor, K. A. and R. M. Glaeser (1976) Electron microscopy of frozen hydrated biological specimens. J. Ultrastruc. Res. 55:448-456.
Lepault, J. and J. Dubochet (1986) Electron microscopy of frozen hydrated specimens: Preparation and characteristics. Meth. Enzym. 127:719-730.
Dubochet, J., M. Adrian, J.-J. Chang, J.-C. Homo, Lepault, J., A. W. McDowall and P. Schultz (1988) Cryo-electron microscopy of vitrified specimens. Quart. Rev. Biophys. 21:129-228.
Cyrklaff, M., N. Roos, H. Gross and J. Dubochet (1994) Particle-surface interaction in thin vitrified films for cryo-electron microscopy. J. Microsc. 175:135-142.
Talmon, Y., J. L. Burns, M. H. Chestnut and D. P. Siegel (1990) Time-resolved cryotransmission electron microscopy. J. Elec. Microsc. Tech.14:6-12.
Berriman, J. and N. Unwin (1994) Analysis of transient structures
by cryo-microscopy combined with rapid mixing of spray droplets.
Ultramicrosc. 56:241-252.
Dowell, L. G. and A. P. Rinfret (1960) Low-temperature forms of ice as studied by x-ray diffraction. Nature 188:1144-1148.
Fernandez-Moran, H. (1960) Low-temperature preparation techniques for electron microscopy of biological specimens based on rapid freezing with liquid helium II. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 85:689-713.
Heide, H. G. and S. Grund (1974) Eine tiefkuhlkette zum uberfuhren von wasserhaltigen biologischen objekten ins elektronenmikroskop. J. Ultrastruc. Res. 48:259-268.
Taylor, K. A. and R. M. Glaeser (1976) Electron microscopy of frozen hydrated biological specimens. J. Ultrastruc. Res. 55:448-456.
Bruggeller, P. and E. Mayer (1980) Complete vitrification in pure liquid water and dilute aqueous solutions. Nature 288:569-571.
Dubochet, J. and A. W. McDowall (1981) Vitification of pure water for electron microscopy. J. Microsc. 124:RP3-RP4.
Cohen, H. A., T.-W. Jeng, R. A. Grant and W. Chiu (1984) Specimen preparative methods for electron crystallography of soluble proteins. Ultramicrosc. 13:19-26.
Jaffe, J. S. and R. M. Glaeser (1984) Preparation of frozen-hydrated specimens for high resolution electron microscopy. Ultramicrosc. 13:373-378.
Lepault, J. and J. Dubochet (1986) Electron microscopy of frozen hydrated specimens: Preparation and characteristics. Meth. Enzym. 127:719-730.
Kellenberger, E. (1987). The response of biological macromolecules and supramolecular structures to the physics of cryo-specimen preparation. Cryotechniques in Biological Electron Microscopy Eds. R. A. Steinbrecht and K. Zierold. Heidelberg, Springer-Verlag, pp. 35-63.
Ryan, K. P. and M. I. Liddicoat (1987) Safety considerations regarding the use of propane and other liquified gases as coolants for rapid freezing purposes. J. Microsc. 147:337-340.
Ryan, K. P., D. H. Purse, S. G. Robinson and J. W. Wood (1987) The relative efficiency of cryogens used for plunge-cooling biological specimens. J. Microsc. 145:89-96.
Ward, R. and J. M. Murray (1987) Natural propane cryogen for frozen-hydrated biological specimens. J. Elect. Micros. Tech 5:275-277.
Dubochet, J., M. Adrian, J.-J. Chang, J.-C. Homo, Lepault, J., A. W. McDowall and P. Schultz (1988) Cryo-electron microscopy of vitrified specimens. Quart. Rev. Biophys. 21:129-228.
Jeng, T.-W., Y. Talmon and W. Chiu (1988) Containment system for the preparation of vitrified- hydrated virus specimens. J. Elec. Microsc. Tech. 8:343-348.
Frederik, P. M., M. C. A. Stuart, P. H. H. Bomans and W. M. Busing (1989) Phospholipid, nature's own slide and cover slip for cryo-electron microscopy. J. Microsc. 153:81-92.
Cyrklaff, M., M. Adrian and J. Dubochet (1990) Evaporation during preparation of unsupported thin vitrified aqueous layers for cryo-electron microscopy. J. Elec. Microsc. Tech. 16:351-355.
Roos, N. and A. J. Morgan (1990). Cryopreparation of thin biological specimens for electron microscopy: Methods and applications. New York, Oxford University Press.
Trinick, J. and J. Cooper (1990) Concentration of solutes during preparations of aqueous suspensions for cryo-electron microscopy. J. Microsc. 159:215-222.
Jakubowski, U. and M. Mende (1991) Preparation of ultrathin amorphous ice films for cryo-electron microscopy. J. Elect. Microsc. 161:241-252.
Kellenberger, E. (1991) The potential of cryofixation and freeze substitution: Observations and theoretical considerations. J. Elec. Microsc. 161:183-203.
Lepault, J., J.-L. Ranck and I. Erk (1992) Electron cryomicroscopy of frozen-hydrated biological specimens: analysis of freezing artifacts by x-ray cryocrystallography. Ultramicrosc. 46:19-24.
Cyrklaff, M., N. Roos, H. Gross and J. Dubochet (1994) Particle-surface
interaction in thin vitrified films for cryo-electron microscopy.
J. Microsc. 175:135-142.
Taylor, K. A. (1975) Electron microscopy of frozen, hydrated biological specimens. Elec. Microsc. Soc. Am. Proc. 33:300-301.
Glaeser, R. M. and K. A. Taylor (1976) Frozen hydrated biological specimens for electron microscopy and structure analysis. Sixth Europ. Reg. Conf. Elec. Microsc. (Jerusalem) 2:69-72.
Fernandez-Moran, H. (1982) Cryomicroscopy, history and outlook. Proc. Tenth Int'l. Cong. Elec. Microsc. (Hamburg) 1:751-761.
Lepault, J. and J. Dubochet (1982) Electron microscopy of frozen-hydrated specimens. Proc. Tenth Int'l. Cong. Elec. Microsc. (Hamburg) 3:111-112.
Talmon, Y. (1982) Frozen hydrated specimens. Proc. Tenth Int'l. Cong. Elec. Microsc. (Hamburg) 1:25-32.
Chiu, W., H. A. Cohen, R. A. Grant and T.-W. Jeng (1983) Frozen hydration of protein crystals. Elec. Microsc. Soc. Am. Proc. 41:428-429.
Lepault, J. (1983) Electron microscopy of frozen hydrated suspensions. Elec. Microsc. Soc. Am. Proc. 41:426-427.
Talmon, Y., J. L. Burns, M. H. Chestnut and D. P. Siegel (1990) Time-resolved cryotransmission electron microscopy. J. Elec. Microsc. Tech.14:6-12.
Lepault, J., I. Erk, G. Nicolas and J.-L. Ranck (1991) Time-resolved cryo-electron microscopy of vitrified muscular components. J. Microsc. 161:47-57.
Chestnut, M. H., D. P. Siegel, J. L. Burns and Y. Talmon (1992) A temperature-jump device for time-resolved cryo-transmission electron microscopy. Microsc. Res. Tech. 20:95-101.
Berriman, J. and N. Unwin (1994) Analysis of transient structures by cryo-microscopy combined with rapid mixing of spray droplets. Ultramicrosc. 56:241-252.
Mandelkow, E.-M. and R. Milligan (1990). Time-resolved cryo-electron microscopy of oscillating microtubules. Proc. XII Int'l. Cong. Elec. Microsc. (Seattle) 1:502-503.
Talmon, Y., J. L. Burns, M. H. Chestnut and D. P. Siegel (1990). On-the-grid processing and time-resolved cryo-TEM: The extension of the thin liquid film vitrification method. Proc. XII Int'l. Cong. Elec. Microsc. (Seattle) 1:490-491.
Dubochet, J., J. Lepault, R. Freeman, J. A. Berriman, Homo and J.-C. (1982) Electron microscopy of frozen water and aqueous solutions. J. Microsc. 128:219-237.
Murray, J. M. and R. Ward (1987) Principles for the construction and operation of a device for rapidly freezing suspensions for cryo-electron microscopy. J. Elect. Micros. Tech. 5:279-284.
Dubochet, J., M. Adrian, J.-J. Chang, J.-C. Homo, Lepault, J., A. W. McDowall and P. Schultz (1988) Cryo-electron microscopy of vitrified specimens. Quart. Rev. Biophys. 21:129-228.
Chestnut, M. H., D. P. Siegel, J. L. Burns and Y. Talmon (1992) A temperature-jump device for time-resolved cryo-transmission electron microscopy. Microsc. Res. Tech. 20:95-101.
Trachtenberg, S. (1993) Fast-freezing devices for cryo-electron-microscopy. Micron 24:1-12.
Berriman, J. and N. Unwin (1994) Analysis of transient structures
by cryo-microscopy combined with rapid mixing of spray droplets.
Ultramicrosc. 56:241-252.